• Real-Time Opportunities: Building Language Skills in the Moment

My first impulse was to do an over-the-top eye roll in response to Elio’s question.

When I first introduced the next essay unit, I emphasized that students could use any of the five types of introductions we had studied. As they were starting their drafts, Elio asked me if they had to use a dramatic introduction, one of the five we had practiced.

My first inclination: Reproach him for not paying attention: “Don’t you remember what I said? Remember the PowerPoint? Were you not paying attention?”

However, I quickly realized that this was an opportunity to compliment a student for applying in real life a conversation strategy we had practiced—in this case, asking a clarification question.

My teachable-moment response: “Thank you for asking a clarification question before you started writing, Elio. No, you can use any of the five introduction types that we practiced. It’s always good to ask a question like this in all of your classes.”

The important thing wasn’t simply that Elio had asked a question. He had used English to solve a real problem at exactly the moment he needed it.

These kinds of teachable moments come up all the time. We just need to notice them and take advantage of them.

Research on language learning suggests that students are more likely to notice and remember language when it arises from something they are actually trying to communicate. When these situations come up in our classrooms, they give us a natural opportunity to teach language that students can use in real life.

More opportunities

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• A More Effective Way to Mark Grammar Errors—and Develop Self-Editing Skills (updated)

Cover codes in margin shot

(This posting includes a handout which you are welcome to use with your students.)*

Because this technique gives students a chance to discover their own grammar errors, we’ve found that it greatly improves their self-editing skills. Those skills will continue to be valuable as students move beyond their ESL courses.

The difference may seem small, but it changes the student’s role. Instead of simply correcting errors the teacher has identified, the student has to find the error and figure out how to correct it. That’s what makes the technique so useful for developing self-editing skills.

Below is a description of the technique, along with a handout exercise that introduces students to it.

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• Short, High-Interest Articles for Extensive Reading: # 21: “Why You Think People Are Watching You (But They Aren’t!)”

(This posting includes a handout LINK AT THE END OF THIS POST which you are welcome to use with your students.) *

My muscles are not big. So, I went to a gym to exercise. When I entered, I noticed three guys with big muscles standing together laughing. I was sure they were laughing at my small arm-muscles and I felt embarrassed. Later I wondered if they were really laughing at me or at some joke.

I recently read about a famous experiment that helped me understand my embarrassment. A researcher painted a brown scar that looked real on the cheek of a young woman named Maria and showed her the scar in a mirror. Then he told her to enter a small room and have a conversation with a young woman inside…..(See complete article below.)

(This posting includes a handout LINK AT THE END OF THIS POST which you are welcome to use with your students.) *

For background information about these articles and for suggestions for how to use them with your students, see  • Introducing “Short, High-Interest Readings”  Also, I’ll be adding more of these articles in the right-hand column: ESL Reading> Short, High Interest Articles for Extensive Readings

Here is the 21st article. You can download the article for your students by clicking on the link at the end. Also included are three optional exercises: True-False Questions; Paraphrasing Exercise; Reflection Exercise.

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• A Simple Way to Keep ESL Discussion Questions Current and Personalized.

Imagine that you are teaching an ESL Conversation class. It is July 1, 2026. You put students in groups of three and give each member a different list of discussion questions to ask each other while practicing a specific conversation technique.

Obviously, the most current and relevant questions today would not be very interesting for students the very next term.

Here is the challenge: We want items to be current and most relevant, but we also want to be able to reuse the handouts every term without have to always update them.

Here is the good news: We can have both—no added workload and still have relevancy.

Here is how we can do that.

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